Quantum Computing Essentials
2024

This course document is the Spring 2024 implementation. Do not start this version as a new student of the course. The new document will open on 2 September at kurssit/tie/kvanttiaakkoset/a/koti/en-US.

What is it about?

Quantum physics, information and computation are interlinked. But how? Quantum computing is in the news here. So what is it?

Quantum Computing Essentials is a guide to quantum information and quantum computing for anyone interested. The starting point and the relevance of the course are briefly explained in the video below.

Part A is the beginning of the course series and it focuses on the basic concepts. The final section of Part A consists of exercises using a quantum gate simulator.

You can access the actual course material from the Document section in the top bar or from here. (The top bar appears when you log in to TIM.) This page contains general instructions on how to complete the course. If you already have a burning desire to learn quantum computing, you can jump to the document and return to the instructions when you feel you need them.

Who is the course intended for?

Part A of Quantum Computing is suitable for anyone interested in quantum computing. Part A covers basic concepts without the mathematical machinery of quantum theory, which only comes into play in Part B. You don't need any real prerequisites, but some exercises may require patience. Gate computation is best learned by practice. In particular, the gate simulator tasks may require some trial and error.

What will you learn on the course?

The course focuses on the essential basic concepts needed to understand quantum information and quantum computation. The five topics covered in the course are quantum physics, randomness and probability, information, gate computation and quantum gate computation.

After carefully completing Part A with all the exercises

• you will understand the physical concepts of state and measurement
• you will recognize the connection between physics and information processing
• you will be able to interpret the probability distribution as the result of a quantum measurement
• you will know the principles of gate computation and quantum gate computation and their differences
• you will understand how gate computation can be used for simple information processing, such as summation and error correction
• you will know a set of common quantum gates and can form circuits from them

In addition, Part A lays the groundwork for an introduction to the mathematical language of quantum computing, which will be dived into in Part B.

Does anyone really bother to learn quantum computing?

Yes, over the years there have been a few people who have actually put in the effort to learn quantum computing. You won't know until you try it whether you are one of them. In this course, the path to learning quantum computing has been cushioned, but the concepts have not been overly simplified. What you learn in this course will actually take you closer to understanding and knowing quantum information and quantum computing.

We have tried to make learning interesting through interactive exercises.

Completing the course

To complete the course, please review all the course material and in particular

• test all Try it yourself boxes yourself

• answer all questions (it is OK to answer incorrectly)

• complete all of the exercises

• at the very end, reflect on what you have learned and summarise the main points in a few sentences

Click Save after your activity whenever there is one in the box. This way your work will be recorded. Saving will also cause your answer to be checked. If your answer is wrong, then for the exercises, keep trying.

You can only answer a question once, so it's not a good idea to go off on a wild guess. If in doubt, go back to the text and videos or the 'try it yourself' box that accompanies the question. Of course, it's OK to get it wrong, but then you know you need a refresher. The purpose of the questions is to give you a chance to test that you've understood the point.

You can do the exercises as many times as you need to. The exercises will give you practice on the topics covered in the course. Typically, the insight sought in an assignment requires experimentation. When a gate assignment comes up, fearlessly try all the gates and inputs it allows. As a general rule, it is recommended to complete the exercises as they come up. You can also leave a difficult exercise for later. To pass the course, all exercises must be completed.

You can check your performance at the end of the document, where you will find a list of unanswered questions and unfinished exercises.

Need help with your tasks?

If you need help with the course assignments or you need clarification on something, the right place to ask questions is the course discussion board. You can access the discussion board from the Discussion section in the top bar.

For most of the tasks, you will already find a hint under the task by clicking on the icon. If you get stuck, ask for advice on the discussion board. It is worth checking the previous discussion first, as someone else may have already asked the same question.

Who is responsible?

The teacher in charge is Teiko Heinosaari. For any questions regarding the course, please contact the teacher at kvanttiaakkoset@jyu.fi. Any questions regarding exercises or other course material belong in the discussion board.

General guidelines for using the document

The course material is one single document with text, videos, questions and exercises.

• Before you start watching the video, read the accompanying text next to or below the video (depending on the device you are using).
• Speed allows you to adjust the speed of the video.
• Adv allows you to see the forward and backward jump controls.
• Subtitles can be changed by clicking the three vertical dots (Chrome) or on the CC icon (Firefox).
• Hide file allows you to hide the video view after watching it.

There are orange bars on the right-hand side of the page. The orange bar indicates a block that you have not yet read. Click on the orange bar to mark it as read. Click on to mark the document blocks up to the previous title level as read. If you don't like the bars, you can disable them completely by clicking on the wheel -> Mark all as read. However, the bars are the preferred way to keep track of your progress, so you should at least try using them.

Writing a note in the margin is called commenting in TIM. It is worth making commenting an active part of your learning. Here's how to do it:

• Click on a block and then on the edit menu . Select Comment/note.
• Enter your comment in the Add comment form.
• Select whether the comment is visible to everyone (Everyone) or only to you (Just me).
• Save the comment by clicking on Save.

Note! Even if you write a comment for everyone, your name will not appear in it. You are welcome to share your thoughts with others.

If you have moved the editing menu to the left of the block, click on the block and the letter C (Comment) will appear on the right, click on the letter C

What is TIM?

The Quantum Computing Essentials uses TIM as its platform. TIM (The Interactive Material) is a versatile learning platform that allows the creation of interactive learning materials. TIM is open source software maintained by the Faculty of Information Technology at the University of Jyväskylä. More about TIM can be found here. The essential thing for this course is that this TIM document contains different interactive tasks. In addition, you can modify the view of the document to some extent to your liking. The image in the upper left corner of the book shows the table of contents.